This SHARP distance sensor bounces IR off objects to determine how far away they are. It returns an analog voltage that can be used to determine how close the nearest object is. Comes with 12" long 3-JST interface wire. These sensors are good for short-range detection. For over 1 m distance, we suggest using sonar sensors
To use, connect black wire to ground, red wire to 5V and white wire to analog input. The analog voltage out will range from 3V when an object is only 4" (10 cm) away and 0.4V when the object is 32" (80 cm) away
For more information, please see the datasheet! Note that it's not well documented but the case is conductive! So if you're mounting to a metal chassis, use a rubber gasket to isolate it.